1
-phā-ral^laēk [พา-รัล-แลก]
parallax
Word class: Noun (n.) Revision: 2023-05-16
2
keep ; tend ; maintain ; govern (over)
3
?
4
_pa_ra^lōk = -pø_ra-^lōk [ปะ-ระ-โลก ; ปอ-ระ-โลก]
next world ; hereafter ; next life ; afterworld ; another world
5
-pø_ra-^lōk = _pa_ra^lōk [ปอ-ระ-โลก = ปะ-ระ-โลก]
next world ; hereafter ; next life ; afterworld ; another world
6
boat ; ship ; barge ; barque ; bark ; craft ; vessel
Context: Vehicle Tourism Transportation Type of:
7
difficult ; hard ; complicated ; tough; not so easy ; advanced
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 1402 Revision: 2021-10-31
8
forest ; woods ; jungle ; grove ; wilderness ; wild area ; uninhabited land ; wild
Context: Environment Geography Nature Topography Birds (ornithology) Forestry
9
year ; ... years old
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ปี Frequency: 2088 Revision: 2019-10-15
10
already
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Frequency: 2104 Revision: 2020-12-22
11
love ; be fond of ; be keen on ; cherish ; adore; like
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 2384 Revision: 2023-08-31
12
little ; small
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 2419 Revision: 2021-11-09
13
stay ; put up ; lodge ; live ; reside ; dwell ; inhabit
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 2050 Revision: 2019-04-29
14
adult ; grown-up ; mature person
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: คน (คน] ) Frequency: 2368 Revision: 2023-08-19 Type of:
Context: Law Sociology Family Medicine Politics
15
grandma
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 2176 Revision: 2020-03-19
16
arduously ; laboriously ; with difficulty ; in a difficult fashion
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Frequency: 2402 Revision: 2021-10-31
17
difficulty
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 2402 Revision: 2021-01-12
18
iron
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 2734 Revision: 2020-06-04
Context: Medicine MATERIA METAL Science Symbol Solid
19
iron ; steel ; metal
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 2734
20
long ; lengthy ; extensive ; elongated ; extended ; slender
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 2456 Revision: 2019-05-22 Type of: Made of:
Context: Spacial Modifier Insects (entomology) Birds (ornithology) Tourism
21
go ; leave ; proceed ; move ; depart
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 2873 Revision: 2023-08-10
22
we ; us
Word class: Pronoun (pr. pers.) Frequency: 3058 Revision: 2019-12-21
23
one more ; once more ; more ; again ; another ; repeatedly ; any more
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Frequency: 3119 Revision: 2019-04-01
24
big ; large ; great ; bulky
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 3012 Revision: 2023-08-19
25
Lek
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.) Frequency: 3419 Revision: 2019-04-01 Type of:
26
maternal grandmother ; grandmother (maternal) ; grandma ; granny ; mother's mother
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: คน (คน] ) Frequency: 3176 Revision: 2020-03-14
27
separate ; split ; divide ; be separated ; spread apart ; part ; bisect
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 3466 Revision: 2020-08-04
28
separate ; divided
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 3466 Revision: 2020-08-04
29
disease ; sickness ; illness ; disorder ; ailment ; malady ; affliction ; disorder ; infirmity
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: โรค Frequency: 3662 Revision: 2020-02-26
30
age
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ปี , ขวบ Frequency: 3301 Revision: 2020-03-30
Context: Family Medicine Sociology Tourism
31
cigarette ; cigar
Context: Merchandise Agriculture Medicine Tourism Economy
32
move ; transfer ; sway ; shift ; take away ; change ; switch
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 3445
33
fast ; quick ; rapid ; speedy ; swift
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 3685 Revision: 2024-12-24
34
quickly ; hurriedly; hastily ; urgently
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Frequency: 3685 Revision: 2020-01-12
35
or
Word class: conj. Frequency: 3911 Revision: 2019-04-21
36
one who ; those who ; people who ; who ; whom
Word class: Pronoun (pr.) Classifier: คน (คน] ) Frequency: 3924 Revision: 2019-10-05
37
exit ; go out
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 3929 Revision: 2019-10-06
38
then ; later; and then; afterwards ; and
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Frequency: 3939 Revision: 2019-12-28
39
many ; several ; varied ; various ; a variety of
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 3996 Revision: 2020-07-20
40
paternal grandmother ; grandmother (paternal) ; grandma ; father's mother
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: คน (คน] ) Frequency: 3856 Revision: 2020-03-13
41
our …
Word class: Pronoun (pr.) Frequency: 4058 Revision: 2019-12-21
42
paternal grandfather ; grandfather ; grandpa (inf.)
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: คน (คน] ) Frequency: 4095 Revision: 2020-03-13
43
beer ; ale
Context: Beverage Food Merchandise Hotel Tourism
44
basis ; principle ; tenet ; foundation ; ground
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 4339 Revision: 2020-03-15
45
enough ; just
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Frequency: 4202 Revision: 2019-12-19
46
would like ; wish ; thirst for ; crave ; want
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 4203 Revision: 2019-12-28
47
be alive ; be living
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 4050 Revision: 2019-05-21
48
softly ; gently ; lightly
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Frequency: 4395 Revision: 2020-09-01
49
light ; light weight ; not heavy
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 4395 Revision: 2020-09-01
50
take ; get ; bring
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 4281 Revision: 2020-01-06
51
be aged
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 4301 Revision: 2020-03-30
52
medicine ; drug ; medication ; cure ; remedy ; pharmaceutical
53
boring
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 4542 Revision: 2020-01-06
54
bored ; be fed up with ; be tired of ; be sick of ; be weary of
Word class: Verb (v. exp.) Frequency: 4542 Revision: 2020-01-06
55
farm ; field ; plantation
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ไร่ Frequency: 4630 Revision: 2024-12-06
56
and
Word class: conj. Frequency: 4851 Revision: 2020-10-20
57
call ; shout ; yell ; hail ; cry
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 5060 Revision: 2020-04-23
58
What?
Word class: Pronoun (pr.) Frequency: 5134 Revision: 2020-01-02
59
quite a lot ; much ; a good deal of; a variety of
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Frequency: 4996 Revision: 2020-07-14
60
hunt ; pursue ; chase ; stalk ; seek
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 5074 Revision: 2020-05-02
Context: Sports Nature Tourism Military
61
at all ; so much ; too much ; definitely ; completely ; entirely ; utterly
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Frequency: 5119 Revision: 2020-03-20
62
carry ; lift ; lift up ; hold ; raise ; elevate
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 5157 Revision: 2023-05-25
63
each ; per ; every
Word class: Preposition (prep.) Frequency: 5172 Revision: 2020-01-08
64
aunt ; auntie ; elder sister of parents
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: คน (คน] ) Frequency: 5212 Revision: 2020-03-14
65
terrible ; bad ; horrible ; awful; lousy ; too bad
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 5051 Revision: 2020-03-19
66
main ; basic ; fundamental ; principal ; essential ; major ; chief
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 5339 Revision: 2020-03-15
67
aunt
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: คน (คน] ) Frequency: 5212
68
remaining; remainder ; leftover
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 5229 Revision: 2020-10-19
69
remain ; be left ; have a surplus ; have a balance ; leave ; be in excess ; have sth left
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 5229 Revision: 2020-10-19
70
cough ; have a cough
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 5101 Revision: 2020-03-24
71
chest ; breast ; bust ; bosom
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ตัว (ตัว] ) Frequency: 5278 Revision: 2025-04-27
72
crab ; Brachyura
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ตัว (ตัว] ) Frequency: 5308 Revision: 2023-01-29
Context: Food Invertebrates Oceanography Fish Zoology
73
tell ; relate ; recount ; narrate ; describe ; recite
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 5325 Revision: 2020-05-02
74
crazy ; insane ; nutty ; loco ; bananas
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 5369 Revision: 2020-03-21
Context: Sociology Psychology Medicine
75
Lao ; Laotian
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 5410 Revision: 2024-08-03
76
Laos
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.) Frequency: 5410 Revision: 2024-08-03
Context: Country ASEAN Geography Place (ASIA) (SEA) (LAO)
77
leaf ; foliage
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ใบ (ไบ] ) Frequency: 5412 Revision: 2023-08-19
78
fertilizer ; fertiliser ; manure
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 5400 Revision: 2019-05-21
79
grass ; Gramineae ; Poaceae
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ต้น (ต้น] ) Frequency: 5365 Revision: 2020-02-21
Context: Agriculture Agronomy Plants (botany) Birds (ornithology) Forestry
80
say goodbye ; bid farewell ; take leave ; say au revoir ; say adieu
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 5521 Revision: 2020-04-07
81
percent ; per cent ; percentage
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 5813 Revision: 2022-11-23
82
uncle ; aunt ; father's younger brother ; father's younger sister
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: คน (คน] ) Frequency: 5468 Revision: 2020-01-03
83
flow ; run ; leak
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 5578
84
sign ; label ; banner ; poster ; signboard ; notice
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: แผ่น (แผ่น] ) Frequency: 5610 Revision: 2020-03-05
Context: Sociology Transportation Merchandise
85
fence ; enclosure ; hedge ; rampart ; palisade ; barricade ; hurdle
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: รั้ว Frequency: 5582
86
root
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ราก Frequency: 5795 Revision: 2020-11-30
87
bad ; poor ; inferior
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 5857 Revision: 2021-11-21
88
bad ; evil ; fierce ; cruel
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 5857 Revision: 2021-03-02
89
bamboo
Context: Agronomy Plants (botany) Forestry Type of:
90
present ; be (at) ; here ; there
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 5885 Revision: 2019-10-05
91
wrinkle ; scratch ; mark ; trace : sign ; crack ; split ; breach ; flaw
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: รอย Frequency: 6015 Revision: 2024-11-02
92
approximatively ; around
Word class: X Frequency: 6031 Revision: 2020-04-14
93
drag ; pull ; haul ; draw ; tow ; heave
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 6162 Revision: 2024-10-05
94
sick ; ill ; ailing ; unwell
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 6153 Revision: 2019-08-11
95
numeral ; digit ; number
96
much ; much more ; far more ; plenty of ; lots ; heaps ; piles
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Frequency: 6154 Revision: 2023-02-05
97
lose one's mind ; go crazy ; go nuts
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 6369 Revision: 2020-03-21
98
case ; instance ; person ; item ; account ; issue ; story ; party ; statement ; record
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ราย (ราย] ) Frequency: 6440 Revision: 2020-07-28
99
# -rāi [ราย]
classifier for: case, instance, item, account, issue, story, party, statement, record
Word class: Classifier (classif. (n.)) Classifier: ราย (ราย] ) Frequency: 6440 Revision: 2020-07-28
100
delicious ; tasty ; yummy ; good ; palatable
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 6559 Revision: 2020-07-20
101
nothing ; without ; free from ; lacking
Word class: Preposition (prep.) Frequency: 6444
102
bay ; gulf
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ที่ , อ่าว Frequency: 6366 Revision: 2022-12-11
103
pair ; couple
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 6487
104
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 6487
105
alcohol ; liquor ; booze (inf.) ; distilled drink ; spirit
Context: Beverage Food Merchandise Hotel Tourism
106
waterhole ; pond ; well ; hole ; pit ; pool ; fish pond
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: บ่อ Frequency: 6632 Revision: 2020-08-04
Context: Agriculture Agronomy Topography Fish
107
dissolve ; melt ; thaw ; fuse
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 6807
108
chief ; prime ; leading ; principal ; foremost ; singular ; one and only ; unique
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 6633 Revision: 2025-06-26
109
lotus ; water lily
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 6635 Revision: 2023-07-09
110
often ; frequently
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Frequency: 6638 Revision: 2020-08-04
111
_rǿk = _røk [หฺร็อก = หฺรอก]
at all ; certainly ; of course
Word class: X Frequency: 6765 Revision: 2020-08-31
112
mountain ; hill ; mount
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ลูก (ลูก] ) Frequency: 6829 Revision: 2020-05-07
113
afternoon
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 6841 Revision: 2020-11-23
114
dismantle ; pull down ; demolish ; disassemble ; strip ; tera down
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 6853
115
revive ; resurrect ; reintroduce ; restore ; bring back
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 6853
116
see ; look ; glance ; take a look ; watch ; keep an eye on
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 6870 Revision: 2020-01-08
117
number
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: เบอร์ Frequency: 6970 Revision: 2020-07-23
118
mineral ; ore ; mineral ore
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 7000 Revision: 2019-05-25
119
saw
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ปื้น Frequency: 7000
120
saw ; saw off
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 7000
121
exchange ; change ; swap ; switch ; redeem; interchange ; barter ; trade ; cash
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 7112 Revision: 2021-05-11
122
bar ; long pole
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: แห่ง Frequency: 7188 Revision: 2021-05-17
123
victim ; prey ; sacrifice ; sufferer ; dupe ; gull ; scapegoat
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: คน (คน] ) Frequency: 7086 Revision: 2021-07-18
124
take off ; take out ; remove ; free
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 7165
125
bar
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: บาร์ Frequency: 7188 Revision: 2021-05-17
Context: Unit Climate Energy Science Loanword
126
husband
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: คน (คน] ) Frequency: 7189 Revision: 2020-03-14
127
goy ; guy ; you ; [familiar or derogatory masculine appellation]
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 7122 Revision: 2020-03-24
128
shorten ; abbreviate ; reduce ; minimize
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 7154 Revision: 2024-01-26
129
shortened ; abreviated ; abridged ; condensed
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 7154 Revision: 2024-01-26
130
briefly ; shortly ; concisely
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Frequency: 7154 Revision: 2024-01-26
131
chase ; pursue ; run after ; hunt
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 7254 Revision: 2020-11-13
132
leak ; leak out
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 7244
133
isn't it? ; ah! ; Really ?
Word class: X Frequency: 7273 Revision: 2021-02-23
134
^yǿi = ^yøi [ย็่อย = ย่อย]
insignificant ; minor ; subordonate; partial ; small-scale ; trivial ; petty ; of little importance
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 7190 Revision: 2025-04-24
Example 1:
เรื่องนี้เป็นเรื่องย่อย ที่ไม่ควรกังวลมากนัก เรื่อง นี้ เป็น เรื่อง ย็่อย ที่ ไม่ ควน กัง-วน มาก-นัก This is a trivial matter that shouldn't be worried about too much.
135
giant ; ogre ; colossus
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ตน (ตน] ) Frequency: 7293 Revision: 2020-11-09
136
giant ; huge ; jumbo ; gigantic ; colossal
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 7293 Revision: 2020-11-09
137
blow ; blast
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 7360 Revision: 2020-10-06
138
patch ; patch up ; mend ; repair ; sew up ; cover with a patch
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 7361 Revision: 2025-09-25
139
bad
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 7524
140
# _lao [เหฺล่า]
group ; company ; band ; category ; class ; species ; order ; race ; family ; set ; team ; collection ; number
Word class: Classifier (classif. (n.)) Classifier: เหล่า Frequency: 7404
141
arm of national defense ; armed services ; corps
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: เหล่า Frequency: 7404
142
sugarcane ; sugar cane
Context: Agriculture Industry Food Merchandise
143
cradle ; home ; birthplace
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 7490
144
garage ; car repair shop
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 7490
145
dock ; shipyard ; harbour ; harbor (Am.)
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 7490
146
cradle
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 7490
147
pit ; shaft ; depression ; hole ; well
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: บ่อ Frequency: 7632 Revision: 2020-08-04
148
Crematogaster
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 7666
149
dissolved
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 7807
150
deceive ; trick ; hoodwink ; bluff ; delude ; beguile ; cheat
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 7789 Revision: 2020-02-06
151
foundation ; source
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ราก Frequency: 7795 Revision: 2020-11-30
152
luxurious ; fancy ; magnificent ; gorgeous ; deluxe ; expensive ; costly ; sumptuous ; smart ; showy ; in great style; lofty
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 7901 Revision: 2020-07-14
153
utter ; pronounce ; say ; speak ; mention ; express ; articulate
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 7692
154
[quesion word]
Word class: excl. Frequency: 7692
155
spread out ; diffuse ; stretch out ; expand ; extend ; broaden ; widen ; unfold
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 7815
156
tease ; banter; kid ; ridicule ; joke ; make fun of
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 7858 Revision: 2020-09-15
157
aid ; be charitable to ; be kind to ; help ; support (with kindness) ; do a favour ; take an interest (in) ; care (about)
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 7790
158
beneficial ; favourable ; advantageous
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 7790
159
tribe ; ethnic group ; race ; clan ; stock ; family ; people
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: เผ่า Frequency: 7863
160
handsome ; good-looking
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 7896 Revision: 2020-07-14
161
spare part ; spares ; spare parts ; replacement part
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ชิ้น (ชิ้น] ) Frequency: 8000 Revision: 2023-02-02
Example 1:
ผมไม่สามารถซื้ออะไหล่ สำหรับรถคันนี้ได้ ผม ไม่ สา-มาด ซื้อ อะ-ไหฺล่ สำ-หฺรับ รด คัน นี้ ได้ I cannot buy spare parts for this car.
162
donkey ; ass
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ตัว (ตัว] ) Frequency: 8000 Revision: 2020-04-07
Context: Mammals Zoology Agriculture
163
seat ; cushion
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ใบ (ไบ] ) Frequency: 8000 Revision: 2023-07-02
164
yard
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 8000 Revision: 2020-04-07
165
spread ; cover ; pave over ; lay ; unfold
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 8000 Revision: 2019-07-28
166
jade
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: เม็ด (เม็ด] ) Frequency: 8000 Revision: 2020-02-28
Context: Geology Science Art Topography Environment
167
abashed ; ashamed ; feel shame
Word class: X Frequency: 8000
168
sunken ; hollowed
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 8000
169
dozen
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ใบ (ไบ] ) Frequency: 8000
170
widemouthed glass jar
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ใบ (ไบ] ) Frequency: 8000
171
steal ; thieve ; commit larceny ; rob ; filch (inf.) ; pilfer
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 8078 Revision: 2020-07-28
172
isn't it? ; [interrogative mark]
Word class: X Frequency: 8039 Revision: 2019-12-29
173
shy (of) ; be ashamed ; be timid ; be bashful ; be embarrassed
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 8013 Revision: 2023-09-27
174
wife
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 8221
175
city ; town
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 8295 Revision: 2021-03-02
176
Leela
Word class: TM Frequency: 8292
177
grace ; cadence ; rhythm
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 8292
178
proceed gracefully
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 8292
179
po (Chinese-style gambling game) ; Chinese gambling ; traditional Chinese betting game
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 8317 Revision: 2025-06-08
180
power ; authority
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 8266
181
punishment ; sanction ; penalty
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 8266
182
penal ; criminal
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 8266
183
meet ; encounter ; come across ; run into ; stumble upon ; meet unexpectedly
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 8361 Revision: 2025-09-25
184
ribbon ; bow
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 8393
185
small amount of money
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 8435
186
cowrie ; cowry ; cowrie shell
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 8435
187
divorce ; get a divorce
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 8413 Revision: 2020-03-15
188
spread (a rumor) ; rumor
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 8517 Revision: 2023-07-29
189
^yǿi = ^yøi [ย็่อย = ย่อย]
digest ; digest (food) ; carry out digestion
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9000 Revision: 2025-04-24
190
fibre ; fiber ; filament ; thread ; gossamer ; staple
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 8696 Revision: 2020-07-07
191
peel ; skin ; flay
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 8791
192
clear out ; dredge
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 8791
193
reserve for ; keep for ; save for
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 8766
194
as ; if ; supposing ; in case
Word class: X Frequency: 8766
195
invade ; be on the offensive ; commit aggression ; trespass ; assail ; attack
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 8855
196
leave ; depart
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 8873 Revision: 2019-10-06
197
isn't it? ; [interrogative mark]
Word class: part. (interr.) Frequency: 8874 Revision: 2021-02-23
198
issue ; make out
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 8873
199
stay ; remain
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 8858 Revision: 2019-04-29
200
Word class: Noun (n. exp.) Frequency: 9000
201
rumor ; rumour; be rumored ; be widely spoken
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9000 Revision: 2020-05-02
202
reveal ; disclose ; uncover ; divulge ; make public ; expose ; unveil
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 8954 Revision: 2025-09-03
203
pyrite
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9000
204
end ; be over ; stop ; close ; break up ; end a romantic relationship ; be finished ; be ended ; be concluded
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9000 Revision: 2020-07-14
205
fire ; lay off ; dismiss ; sack ; expel ; axe ; discharge ; send off
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9000 Revision: 2019-04-26
206
stake ; post ; pole ; pillar
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9000 Revision: 2020-03-15
207
placenta
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9000 Revision: 2020-05-12
208
pulley ; tackle ; sheave
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9000 Revision: 2019-12-29
209
Lille
Word class: TM Frequency: 9000
210
block ; unit ; section
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9000
211
expectation
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9000
212
euro ; €
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9000
213
fennel ; cumin
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9000
Context: Plants (botany) Food Vegetables (THA)
214
arouse ; excite ; evoke ; incite
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 8984
215
# -bai [ไบ]
classifier for: leaves (of trees), round and hollow objects (hats, cups, glasses, bowls, tin-cans, eggs, fruit, bags, wallets), small documents (tickets, certificates, leaflets)
Word class: Classifier (classif. (n.)) Frequency: 9000 Revision: 2020-07-07
216
dumb ; mute ; unable to speak
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 9000 Revision: 2020-07-07
217
expel ; get rid of ; put out ; drive off ; drive away ; oust ; sack ; dismiss
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9000 Revision: 2020-11-13
218
fluid ; liquid ; watery
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 9000 Revision: 2025-02-19
219
delirious ; hallucinating
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9000 Revision: 2020-02-26
220
distance ; interval ; range ; term ; span ; space
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9000 Revision: 2024-11-07
221
yaksha
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ตน (ตน] ) Frequency: 9000 Revision: 2020-11-09
222
oppression ; tyranny
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9000
223
yoke ; yoke of a plough
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9000
224
Chinese plum
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9000
225
last ; low ; bottom
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 9000
226
boy ; waiter ; servant ; bellhop ; loanword from english
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: คน (คน] ) Frequency: 9000
227
ale
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9000
228
lick ; lap
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9000
229
Salix babylonica
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9000
230
card ; card game
231
desintegrated ; falling apart
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 9000
232
become tender ; desintegrate ; decompose ; rot ; decay ; soft ; tender
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9000
233
soft ; rotten ; tender
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 9000
234
place ; side
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9000
235
time
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9000
236
aspect ; side ; part
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9000
237
place ; locality
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9000
238
time
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9000
239
pear
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9000
240
crack ; fracture ; split ; break
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9000
241
wetland grasses ; reed grass ; phragmites
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ต้น (ต้น] ) Frequency: 9000 Revision: 2019-08-19
242
ridicule ; mock ; jeer ; sneer ; laugh at ; make fun of ; chaff ; deride
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9000 Revision: 2023-02-02
243
in desorder ; in a mess ; messy; in a muddle ; cluttered ; untidy ; tangled ; overgrown
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 9060 Revision: 2020-05-12
244
pi (Π, π)
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9000 Revision: 2023-08-03
245
Oh! ; Ah! ; Yes! ; Well! ; Right! ; I See!
Word class: interj. Frequency: 9000
246
hawk ; harry ; kite ; falcon ; bird of prey
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ตัว (ตัว] ) Frequency: 9000
Context: Birds (ornithology) Zoology
247
varied ; various ; all sorts of ; a variety of ; different ; diverse ; multi- (pref.)
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 9068
248
overflow ; flood
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9068
249
air conditioner ; air conditioning
Word class: Noun (n. exp.) Classifier: เครื่อง (เคฺรื่อง] ) Frequency: 9072 Revision: 2019-04-01 Type of:
Context: Energy Informal Tourism Hotel Electricity Home
250
first ; initial
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 9051
251
rise ; well up ; flood
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9087
252
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9254
253
tapering ; pyramidal ; slender ; weaken ; declined
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 9254
254
cure ; treat ; aid ; heal ; remedy ; attend to ; care for ; nurse ; mend
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9250
255
[term used to emphasize things]
Word class: X Frequency: 9338
256
paddle ; oar ; row
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: เล่ม (เล็่ม] ) Frequency: 9416 Revision: 2021-05-19
Context: Transportation Oceanography Sports Merchandise
257
row
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9416 Revision: 2023-08-03
Context: Transportation Oceanography Sports
258
pinch off; break off
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9444
259
bodhi ; bodhi tree ; pippala tree ; peepul tree ; peepal tree ; ashwattha tree ; sacred fig ; Ficus religiosa ; bo tree under which the Buddha attained enlightenment
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ต้น (ต้น] ) Frequency: 9506 Revision: 2019-08-23
Context: Plants (botany) Species (THA)
260
opened up ; opened out
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 9476
261
open ; be ajar ; spread out ; stretch out ; gape
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9476
262
dragonfly (see แมลงปอ)
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ตัว (ตัว] ) Frequency: 9547 Revision: 2019-04-01
Context: Insects (entomology) Zoology
263
-bǿl = -bǿn = -bøn [บ็อล = บ็อน = บอน]
ball
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ลูก (ลูก] ) Frequency: 9576 Revision: 2020-03-18
264
praise ; flatter ; eulogize ; extol ; laud ; toady ; hold in high esteem ; to please by complimentary remarks or attention
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9554 Revision: 2025-02-19
265
fade ; wilt ; wither
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9580
266
wither ; fade ; wilt ; shrivel ; lose freshness ; wither ; wane
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9580
267
pay out ; let out
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9580
268
many ; much ; plenty (of) ; a lot (of) ; lots of ; abundantly ; plentifully ; an abundance of
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Frequency: 9610 Revision: 2020-12-02
269
provoke ; infuriate ; irk ; irritate ; aggravate ; annoy ; enrage ; hassle ; incense : tempt ; annoy ; tease ; banter
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9620
270
too much ; at all
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Frequency: 9775
271
distorted
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 9796
272
shoulder
273
inundate ; flow over ; overflow ; flood
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9797
274
minor ; child ; adolescent ; youth ; youngster
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9811
275
AND (logical operator)
Word class: X Frequency: 9839 Revision: 2019-04-30
Context: Information technology Science Type of:
276
go! ; go away! ; get out!
Word class: Verb (v. exp.) Frequency: 9854 Revision: 2019-10-05
277
too much ; too ; overly
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Frequency: 9854 Revision: 2020-03-20
278
male
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: คน (คน] ) , นาย Frequency: 9857 Revision: 2019-04-30
279
very; really
Word class: X Frequency: 9873
280
other
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 9902 Revision: 2019-04-01
281
main ; superior ; major
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 9913 Revision: 2020-03-12
282
in charge ; in command
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 9913 Revision: 2020-03-12
283
crush ; smash ; press ; squash ; compress ; squeeze
Word class: Verb (v.) Frequency: 9928
284
flat ; snub ; pug
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Frequency: 9928
285
# -phaē [แพ]
raft
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier (classif. (n.)) Classifier: แพ (แพ] ) , ลำ (ลำ] ) Revision: 2020-12-20
286
-bǿl = -bǿn = -bøn [บ็อล = บ็อน = บอน]
football ; soccer ball
Word class: Noun (n.) Revision: 2020-03-18
287
don't (imperative) ; do not ... (imperative) ; never ... (imperative)
Word class: Verb (v. exp.) Revision: 2020-04-21
288
urine ; pee
Word class: Noun (n.) Revision: 2021-07-20
289
pee ; paswater ; urinate ; make water
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2021-07-20
290
yay ; hooray
Word class: X Revision: 2020-12-22
291
What?
Word class: interj. Revision: 2020-10-06
292
Alex
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.) Revision: 2019-04-01
293
Pali ; Pali language ; a Middle Indo-Aryan language
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.) Classifier: ภาษา Revision: 2019-07-28
294
Eric
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.) Revision: 2019-04-01
295
indiscreet ; thoughtless ; heedless ; irresponsible
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Revision: 2023-02-14
296
casually ; indiscreetly ; thoughtlessly ; heedlessly ; irresponsibly ; without thinking
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Revision: 2023-02-14
Example 1:
ผมแค่พูดลอย ๆ ผม แค่ พูด ลอย-ลอย I'm just saying ...
297
Laura
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.) Revision: 2019-04-01
298
Lilly
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.) Revision: 2019-04-01
299
polo ; polo shirt
Word class: Noun (n.) Revision: 2019-04-01
300
pala (unit of weight) ; ancient unit of mass ; one-hundredth of a tula
Word class: Noun (n.) Revision: 2025-06-08 Type of:
301
religious sacrifice ; ritual offering ; oblation ; act of worship through offering
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: พิธี Revision: 2025-06-09
302
I’m off ; I’m leaving ; I'm outta here ; See you
Word class: Verb (v. exp.) Revision: 2025-06-08 Type of:
Context: Conversation Greetings Informal
303
energetic ; vigorous ; zealous ; driven (by purpose)
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Revision: 2025-06-09
304
quickly ; as soon as posible ; as fast as you can ; soon
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Revision: 2020-01-12
305
lily ; Lilium
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ดอก (ดอก] ) Revision: 2023-07-09
306
whatever ; anything ; something
Word class: Pronoun (pr.) Revision: 2020-01-02
307
goal
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: คน (คน] ) Revision: 2020-01-05
308
sixth
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Revision: 2025-02-19
309
Luke
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.) Revision: 2019-04-01
310
be crushed ; be shattered ; be pulverized ; be broken into pieces ; fail completely
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2025-02-19
311
crushed ; shattered ; smashed ; ruined ; completely destroyed
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Adverb (adv.) Revision: 2025-02-19
312
figure ; digit
Word class: Noun (n.) Revision: 2020-03-15
313
vomit
Word class: Noun (n.) Revision: 2020-11-30
314
Yala
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.) Revision: 2019-06-21
Context: Geography Tourism Administrative area
315
¯yoe ¯yae -loēi [เยอะ แยะ เลย]
really a lot
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Revision: 2020-12-02
316
lock
Word class: Noun (n.) Revision: 2019-04-01 Type of:
317
lag ; network latency ; delay in networking applications such as online gaming
Context: Information technology Computer
318
alright ; okay ; now
Word class: int Revision: 2020-04-25
319
of course
Word class: Revision: 2020-08-31
320
Oh?
Word class: X Revision: 2020-12-01
321
not ; no (Isan pronounciation of "no")
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Revision: 2024-11-02
322
soft ; gentle ; slow
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Revision: 2020-09-01
323
slow down ; decelerate ; lessen ; abate
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2020-09-01
324
or not? ; no? ; [question particle for yes-no questions used colloquially in Northern Thai dialects]
Word class: part. (interr.) Revision: 2025-09-24
325
Tell me
Word class: X Revision: 2020-05-02
326
beyond ; past ; surplus
Word class: Preposition (prep.) Revision: 2020-10-19
327
climb ; climb up
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2023-07-19
328
drifty ; indiscreet ; vacantly ; without provocation
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Revision: 2023-02-05
329
tune
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2020-11-13
330
cast ; mould ; shape ; found
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2020-07-14
331
Louis
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.) Revision: 2019-04-01
332
earth ; ground ; land
Word class: Noun (n.) Revision: 2020-01-02
333
reach ; attain ; arrive at
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2022-12-23
334
retreat ; withdraw ; back away ; back off ; draw back ; recess
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2020-05-02
335
design ; figure ; pattern ; dot ; stripe
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ลาย Revision: 2020-03-17
336
? ; what about ...? ; [interrogative or imperative final particle indicating emphasis, prompting, or conversational follow-up]
Word class: part. (interr.) Revision: 2025-09-24
337
time ; occasion ; moment
Word class: Noun (n.) Revision: 2025-01-21
338
leave ; desert ; abandon ; give up ; stop ; desist ; remit ; yield ; vacate
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2020-01-08
339
exhausted ; fatigued ; tired ; lag
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Verb (v.) Revision: 2021-12-14
340
Never mind !
Word class: X Revision: 2020-01-08
341
etc. ; and so on ; et cetera ; and so forth ; and all the rest ; ditto
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Revision: 2020-01-08
342
late ; tardy
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Revision: 2020-05-02
343
newly ; recently ; freshly
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Revision: 2020-05-02
344
and (archaic)
Word class: conj. Revision: 2020-01-08
345
(obsolete) to exit; to come out; to leave
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2025-04-27
346
sixth
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Revision: 2019-12-29
347
big man ; big person; powerful people; bigwig (inf.); big shot
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: คน (คน] ) Revision: 2019-06-18
348
nude ; in the nude ; bare ; exposed
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Revision: 2025-06-07
349
grilled
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Revision: 2020-06-03
350
right? ; yeah? ; or not? ; shall we? ; yet? ; [yes-no question particle used in casual speech]
Word class: Revision: 2025-09-25
351
precise
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Revision: 2021-05-12
352
suddenly ; soundly ; deeply
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Revision: 2021-05-12
353
fuck ; mate ; copulate
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2021-02-25
354
# -phaē [แพ]
classifier for: incense, etc
Word class: Classifier (classif. (n.)) Revision: 2020-12-20
355
gossip about; talk behind one’s back
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2020-06-03
356
decayed ; rotten; crumbling ; tumbledown ; weathered
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Revision: 2019-06-28
357
involved ; linked ; connected ; associated
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Revision: 2025-06-02
358
entangled ; tangled ; intertwined ; clustered
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Revision: 2025-06-02
359
pi ; Thai pi (any of a variety of quadruple-reed Thai oboes) ; traditional Thai oboe ; traditional type of quadruple reed oboe (flute)
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: เลา Revision: 2022-12-23
Context: Culture MUSIC Merchandise (THA)
360
floating house
Word class: Noun (n.) Revision: 2020-12-20
361
to patch ; to fill in (gaps or cracks) ; to repair with plaster or putty ; to cover flaws before painting
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2025-06-07
362
pornographic ; indecent ; obscene ; sexually explicit ; sexy (suggestively) ; scantily clad
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Revision: 2025-06-07
363
be exact ; be correct ; be precise ; be definite
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2021-05-12
364
accurately ; exactly ; correctly ; precisely ; definitely
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Revision: 2021-05-12
365
be allergic ; have an allergy ; be sensitive ; be oversensitive
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2020-05-07
366
proclaim ; publicize ; broadcast ; announce
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2019-12-29
367
label ; sticker ; price tag
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: แผ่น (แผ่น] ) Revision: 2020-07-24
368
when ; upon ; just after
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Revision: 2020-11-03
369
ramble ; rave ; drivel ; speak incoherently ; speak nonsense ; wander in one's talk
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2020-02-26
370
pontoon ; floating landing
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ลูก (ลูก] ) Revision: 2020-04-23
371
lampshade
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ลูก (ลูก] ) Revision: 2020-04-23
372
fish trap ; stake trap ; fishing stake ; slat trap ; fish stakes (sunk into the sea) ; bamboo stake trap
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ลูก (ลูก] ) Revision: 2020-04-23
373
senior ; elder ; older person
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: คน (คน] ) Revision: 2019-06-18
374
not ; not at all ; no
Word class: adv. neg. Revision: 2019-12-29
375
throw forcefully ; to hurl ; to fling ; to pitch with an overarm motion
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2025-05-12
376
Pierre
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.) Revision: 2019-04-01
377
Poo
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.) Revision: 2019-07-28
378
full ; packed ; filled to capacity
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Revision: 2025-06-10
379
light ; radiance
Word class: Noun (n.) Revision: 2024-11-03
380
throw away ; discard ; get rid of ; abandon
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2025-09-25
381
scrape; grate ; graze ; brush against
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2024-11-12
382
throw away ; discard ; drop ; shed ; clear ; purge
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2020-05-31
383
person ; individual
Word class: Noun (n.) Revision: 2020-07-28
384
what?
Word class: Pronoun (pr.) Revision: 2020-03-24
385
begin ; start ; originate
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2020-05-02
386
draw lines ; write
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2020-05-12
387
Roy
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.) Revision: 2024-11-02
388
malignant; lethal; severe; deadly
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Revision: 2021-03-02
389
oval ; tapering ; oblong
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Revision: 2020-07-10
390
wander ; roam ; rove ; hawk ; peddle ; go about ; ambulate
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2020-03-10
391
junction ; crossroad ; intersection ; side road ; byroad ; parting
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: แยก Revision: 2020-08-04
392
move; advance
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2020-11-24
393
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2021-01-12
394
praise ; eulogize ; laud ; grant ; extol
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2020-11-24
395
cancel ; rescind; withdraw
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2020-11-24
396
eh? ; huh? ; no?
397
small bowl ; lacquered bowl
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9981
398
Scombridae
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9981
399
hot; sultry; stuffy ; suffocating
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Revision: 2020-09-23
400
fast ; quickly ; swiftly; at full speed
Word class: Adverb (adv.) Revision: 2020-09-23
401
[casual particle used in spoken Thai to soften statements, add emphasis, or replace "what"]
Word class: part. (interr.) Revision: 2025-09-17
402
steam ; vapour ; vapor (Am.) ; mist ; gas
Word class: Noun (n.) Revision: 2020-03-24
403
miasma
Word class: Noun (n.) Revision: 2020-03-24
404
Whoa! ; Oh! ; Eh!
Word class: interj. Revision: 2020-09-23
405
Ah! ; Hmm; Oh!
Word class: interj. Revision: 2020-01-03
406
poop ; shit ; to defecate
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2020-02-25
407
Oh!
Word class: excl. Revision: 2020-03-21
408
Yes! ; Yeah! ; Well!; Oh!; so
Word class: interj. Revision: 2020-01-29
409
dear ... ; little …
Word class: X Revision: 2020-11-18
410
-øi = ¯øi = ^øi [โอย = โอ๊ย = โอ้ย]
Oh! ; Ouch! ; Ow! ; Whoa!
Word class: interj. Revision: 2019-04-01
411
^yǿi = ^yøi [ย็่อย = ย่อย]
break up ; disintegrate ; fragment ; pulverize ; reduce to small pieces
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2025-04-24
Example 1:
พลาสติกย่อย ช้ามากในทะเล พฺล้าส-ติก ย็่อย ช้า มาก ไน ทะ-เล Plastic breaks down very slowly in the sea.
412
right? ; okay? ; you know? ; [colloquial particle used at the end of a question, often masculine, sometimes considered impolite]
Word class: part. (interr.) Revision: 2025-09-25
413
Jew ; Jewish
Word class: Noun (n.) Adjective (adj.) Revision: 2019-07-12
414
Indian mulberry ; great morinda ; Morinda citrifolia ; cheese fruit ; noni
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ต้น (ต้น] ) Revision: 2025-02-19
Context: Plants (botany) Flowers Species Vegetables (THA)
415
[royal language suffix indicating
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Revision: 2020-03-07
416
command to stop (for an animal)
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2025-02-19
417
suffer hardship ; be in straitened circumstances ; be in the soup ; be down and out ; be in a bad way ; bear the brunt ; be in the red
Word class: Verb (v.) Revision: 2020-03-19
418
inclined ; skewed ; tilted
Word class: Adjective (adj.) Adverb (adv.) Revision: 2020-12-22
419
bait ; lure ; decoy ; snare ; allurement ; enticement
420
cook
421
small pinnacle ornamentation (along a roof ridge)
422
bolero
423
polarized
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
424
small pinnacle ornamentation along a roof ridge
425
O ; o
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9981
426
one
Word class: X Frequency: 9985
427
[twenty-sixth letter of the Thai alphabet]
Word class: Noun (n.) Revision: 2019-08-29
428
[forty-third letter of the Thai alphabet]
Word class: Noun (n.) Revision: 2025-02-19
429
[thirty-fifth letter of the Thai alphabet]
Word class: Noun (n. exp.) Classifier: ตัว (ตัว] ) Revision: 2019-08-29
430
[thirty-fourth letter of ther Thai alphabet]
Word class: Noun (n. exp.) Classifier: ตัว (ตัว] ) Revision: 2019-08-29
431
What?
432
rush down
Word class: Verb (v. exp.)
433
various
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
434
writing ; mark
435
?
436
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
437
disorderly
438
small skin eruption
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ครั้ง
439
primary
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
440
A ; a
Word class: Noun (n.) Frequency: 9985
441
court secretary
442
guardian deity ; guardian spirit
443
Arak
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.)
444
request for leave of absence ; application for leave ; application for leave of absence
445
pinkish purple ; old rose ; colour of a faded lotus
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
446
barley
447
Bari
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.)
448
fortress
449
city ; town
450
-town, -city (suffix related to a town or city)
451
lie with legs sprawled out ; lie with legs spread out
452
Beerlao
453 454
ancient
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
455
Bari
456
sail (of a sailboat)
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
457
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
458
bualoi ; rice flour balls ; Thai sweet rice dumplings (in coconut cream syrup)
459
roughly ; vaguely ; approximately ; in outline
460
drift ; float ; waft
461
waver ; hesitate ; vacillate ; be irresolute ; be uncertain ; be indecisive
462
indecisive ; uncertain ; changeable ; vacillating ; fickle ; hesitant
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
463 464 465
per kilo
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
466
and then
467
foolishly ; stupidly ; like a dolt
468 469
awful
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
470
super ; awfully ; terribly
471
go full steam ahead
Word class: Verb (v. exp.)
472
?
473
excessively ; amply ; exceedingly ; in abundance ; more than enough
474
excessively ; amply ; exceedingly ; in abundance ; more than enough
475
left ; remainng
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
476
handsome
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
477
be in hot pursuit ; chase
Word class: Verb (v. exp.)
478
by implication ; implicitly ; indirectly
479
high risk
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
480
Perak
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.)
481
Phu Reua
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.)
482
pulley
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
483
paddle a boat
Word class: Verb (v. exp.)
484
poly- (pref.)
Word class: Prefix (pref.)
485
wisdom
486
many
487
wisdom
488
stretched out ; at full length ; sprawled out
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
489
Leu tribe
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
490
para- (pref.)
Word class: Prefix (pref.)
491
stupid-looking ; stupid ; vacuous
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
492
fawn
493
round
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
494
?
Word class: Prefix (pref.)
495
parent ; guardian
496
side
Word class: Prefix (pref.)
497
end
Word class: Prefix (pref.)
498
nirvana
Word class: Prefix (pref.)
499
land
500
polo
501
axe
502
axe
503
hooligan ; ruffian
504
stir up trouble ; make trouble ; bully
505
young
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
506
ferocious animal
Word class: Prefix (pref.)
507
porch
508
?
509
accuse wrongly ; make a baseless accusation
510
[Chinese prepared dish consisting of pork stewed in gravy]
511
Testudines
512
repair ; mend ; restore
513
Gigantochloa albociliata
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
514
exactly !
515
other
Word class: Prefix (pref.)
516
Stop it! ; enough is enough
Word class: Verb (v. exp.)
517 518
time ; period
519
polio ; poliomyelitis
520
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
521
Gyrocarpus americanus
Context: Plants (botany) Flowers Species (THA)
522
long lived cabbage
Context: Plants (botany) Food Vegetables (THA)
523
too
524
verandah ; porch ; lanai ; gallery
525
drum
526
beautiful
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
527
phēri ; phērī [เพ-ริ ; เพ-รี]
drum
528
fear
529
for what reason?
530
approximatively ; about ; around ; something like
531
so so ; as usual ; nothing special ; at a steady pace
532
delay ; wait ; hesitate ; tarry
533
awkward ; clumsy
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
534
wilt ; be weakened
535
crack ; rift ; cleft ; cleavage
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: ร้าว
536
tricky ; sly ; crafty ; wily ; cunning ; artful
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
537
speedboat ; fast patrol boat
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
538
leak out ; get to be known
Word class: Verb (v. exp.)
539
Rayleigh ; John William Strutt (Lord Rayleigh)
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.)
540
gently
541
be gradually consumed ; be diminished ; grow less and less ; become less and less ; wear off ; wear away ; diminish in quantity ; deteriorate
542
moribund ; in a critical condition ; almost dead
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
543
scatter here and there
544
scattered about ; strewn
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
545
Cicadidae
546
leak
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
547
Hurry up!
548
sarcastic
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
549
speak rudely
550
school
551
know ; I know ; I already know
552
Raleigh
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.)
553
wander ; roam ; stray
554
Leo beer
Context: Beverage Food Hotel Informal SURIN Tourism
555
one who has attained final sanctification ; noble one
556
honorable ; noble ; respectable ; eminent
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
557
honorable ; noble ; respectable ; eminent
Word class: Prefix (pref.)
558
go for it
Word class: Verb (v. exp.)
559
civilized
Word class: Prefix (pref.)
560
Aree
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.)
561
medicine
Word class: Prefix (pref.)
562
elephant
563
Araya
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.)
564
Ariya
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.)
565
What?
566
feel sad ; feel sorrowful ; bemoan ; grieve over the loss of ; miss ; long for
567
spares ; spare parts ; replacement parts
568
What is it? ; What could it be?
569
now ; at present
570
manner ; demeanor
571
roll the eyes upward ; lift the eyes upward ; roll up one's eyes
572
lux (lx)
573
tuning saw
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
574
Lak
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.)
575
auspicious time ; sign of the zodiac under which one was born
576
Lux
577
with eyes wide open
578
blanched ; soft-boiled
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
579
league
580
man ; commoner
581
of the world
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
582
^lai ... _øk [ไล่ ... ออก]
dismiss ... (s.o.) ; sack ... (s.o.)
Word class: Verb (v. exp.)
583
tube
584
Euthynnus affinis
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
585
low ; under
Word class: Prefix (pref.)
586
poll
587
lacquer
588
captain
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
589
chasm ; crack ; crevasse ; gorge
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
590
planet
591
tree
592
protect ; guard
593
knock down
Word class: Verb (v. exp.)
594
illness of ...
595
bear
596
x
597
x
598
x
599
x
600
x
601
x
602
x
603
dock ; dockyard ; shipyard ; boatyard ; boathouse
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
604
chest
605
sand
606
great
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
607
gold
608
floating dock
609
thigh
610
wolf
611
that's awful
612
divorced
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
613
Euro
614
Jesus!
Word class: Verb (v. exp.)
615
care ; be concerned
616
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
617
cathartic
618
value
619
valuable
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
620
a lot
621
twist
622
wry ; twisted ; skewed ; skew
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
623
Bee
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.) Type of:
624
bio- (pref.)
Word class: Prefix (pref.)
625
spread out ; open wide ; split open
626
doltish ; stupid
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
627
completely
628
bayou
629
fight
630
military ; fighting
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
631
love to be flattered ; be fond of flattery
632
?
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
633
servant ; slave ; slavey ; menial ; lackey ; stooge
634
tobacco leaf
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
635
open ; unfold ; expand ; unfurl ; spread out ; open up
636
smear ; daub
637
cast ; crucible
638
socket
639
large size
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
640
flog ; whip ; lash ; thrash
641
protrude the lips ; pout ; pucker one's lips
642
swallow ; gulp
643
and so on ; etc. ; et cetera
644
restaurant ; bistro ; diner ; Chinese restaurant
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: แห่ง
645
trick ; intrigue ; cunning ; wiles ; artifice ; stratagem
646
squint
647
remain ; be left (over)
Word class: Verb (v. exp.)
648
squint ; look with one eye
649
shield ; buckler
650
last ; rearmost ; hindmost ; final ; end ; low
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
651
in a mess ; in disorder ; in confusion
652
root
653
weeping
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
654
kilogram
655
remain ; be left
656
worn ; hollowed out
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
657
handsome ; good-looking ; pretty ; fair ; beautiful ; fine ; graceful
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
658
old man
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: แห่ง
659
fall apart ; split off ; unravel
660
disjointed ; dislocated ; disconnected
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
661
large tall basket
662
dimly lit ; in the dim light ; dark
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
663
[symbol which is not considered one of the 44 letters of the Thai alphabet]
664
Lay
665
Word class: Verb (v. exp.)
666
proceed forward
667
soar ; rise in the sky ; float in the air ; fly
668
throw out ; throw away ; unload ; lay off
669
layout
670
skirt ; go along the edge (of)
671
rip out
672
sway ; swing ; rock ; ride the waves
673
like
674
dirty ; soiled ; unclean ; filthy ; stained ; foul ; grubby ; mucky ; foul
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
675
slice
676
track ; path ; lane ; course ; route ; way
677
kilometre ; kilometer (Am.)
678
bend (with the wind) ; be blown
679
sea
680
spear ; lance ; wooden spear ; javelin
681
sharpen
682
sharpen ; hone ; whet ; edge ; grind ; shape ; trim ; pare
Word class: Noun (n.) Classifier: แห่ง
683
stare ; gaze
684
cross-eyed ; squint-eyed
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
685
eel
686
chapter ; episode in the story of the last incarnation of the Buddha ; episode in the story of the last great incarnation of the Buddha
687
much ; many
688
oak
689
weld (with gas) ; do gas welding
690
vomit
691
ugh
692
crowing
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
693
group
694
Pao
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.)
695
absent-minded
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
696
extremely black
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
697
extremely ; very
698
hygroscopic earthstar ; barometer earthstar ; false earthstar ; Astraeus hygrometricus
699
snapping sound
700
?
701
miaow ; meow ; mew ; miaou
702
Freycinetia
703
blow
704
?
705
until now
706
big spender ; sugar daddy
707
twisted ; slanted ; distorted
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
708 709 710
Caesalpinia mimosoides
711
tuft ; tassel ; pendant
712
projecting roof ; shed ; roof attached to a main building ; outbuilding ; shack
713
meet ; stumble on ; come upon
714
beat ; thrash
715
pi ; π
716
carpenter bee
717
P. (primary school)
718
phai ; [a coin formerly in use, equivalent to three satangs]
719
dear ... + first name (to speak to or about s.o. older – inf.)
720
lose ; be defeated ; fail
721
if ; in case ; lest ; provided that
722
fat
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
723
rot
724
spring ; spout ; break out ; erupt
725
counter ; chip ; tab
726
hair ; [suffix used with ผม in
727
open partially ; raise slightly ; lift slightly ; be slightly part ; tilt
728
be conceited ; be arrogant ; be haughty ; act big ; be egoistic ; think highly of oneself ; be swollen with pride
729
rush at ; rush into ; dash in ; dash to ; dash at ; fly ; swoop
730
list ; record ; chit
731
barge ; lighter; boat
732
endlessly ; repeatedly ; without reserve
733
fluff ; puff
734
plumb ; chubby ; pudgy
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
735
be soft ; be tender ; be gentle ; be mild
Word class: Verb (v. exp.)
736
in order that ; in order to; to; for
737
throw ; pitch ; hurl ; fling ; toss
738
occupant ; tenant ; resident ; dweller ; lessee ; occupier
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
739
go
740
move ; go ; leave
741
open
742
emit ; emanate ; release ; spread ; split ; slit ; cleave
743
purlin ; horizontal roof beam ; ridgepost
744
Chinese uncle ; old Chinese man ; old uncle
745
flat ; deflated
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
746
king ; ruler ; lord ; potentat
747
pop ; sound of whipping or slapping ; slap
748
savanna forest
Word class: Noun (n. exp.) Classifier: แห่ง
749
plaster ; heap ; coat
750
top up ; add on ; give extra ; pay off faster
751
not
752
Naringi crenulata
753
bearer
754
lose
755
beloved
756
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
757
be tired of ; be fed up with ; be bored with
758 759
streak
760
already
761
afterwards ; then ; later
762
skim ; be almost touching ; be down (to)
763 764
fear
765
in a funk ; discouraged
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
766
sugar cane plantation
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
767
rye ; Secale cereale
768
neglected ; out-of-use ; disused
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
769
bamboo closure for fish ; flexible fish barrage
770
look for a way (out/in/through) ; skirt
771
knock out ; knock off
772
dispirited ; disheartened
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
773
very warm ; very hot ; torrid
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
774
or ; not ; really?
775
roll ; rapid firing
776
[kind of Thai musical music]
777
trilling ; tremorous
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
778
fast
779
cracked
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
780
look forward to
781
suspend; hold in abeyance
782
-ly (suff : periodicity) ; per
Word class: Prefix (pref.)
783
legion ; troops
784
fly
785
happy ; joyful ; rejoicing ; smiling all over
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
786
or ; not
787
be almost used up ; be worn away ; be consumed
788
maybe ; it looks like ; apparently
789
daringly ; unhesitatingly ; quickly
790
diminish ; lower ; decrease ; turn down ; narrow
791 792
gold
793
spring-trap ; trap for a tiger ; slip noose
794
string together ; thread ; cord ; embroider ; weave ; insert
795
power ; strength ; force ; energy
796
go to meet ; go straight in
797 798
x
799
x
800
PAO
801
x
802
PHUL
803
x
804
x
805
x
806
x
807
x
808
x
809
x
810
x
811
LONGM
812
LEUANG
813
RIT
814
x
815
x
816
x
817
RABU
818
x
819
PEUN
820
Arius thalassinus
821
World No Tobacco Day
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
822
jug ; mug ; urn ; pitcher ; ewer
823
shiver
Word class: Verb (v. exp.)
824
ice-cold ; biting ; icy ; chilling ; chilly ; frigid ; extremely cold ; ice-cold ; bone-chilling
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
825
correct ; proper
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
826
devoted; dedicated
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
827
move out
Word class: Verb (v. exp.)
828
York
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.)
829
wobble ; rock ; sway ; shake ; pump
830
tease
831
giant ; ogre ; demon ; colossus
832
rope
833
yok
834
round of fighting
835
folio ; quarto ; octavo
836
[class.: round, bout]
837
cite ; quote ; refer ; allude ; illustrate ; show an example
838
banana stalk
839
Liège
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.)
840
control ; keep under control ; keep in check ; be able to bring something under control
841
What! ; Oh! ; Eh!
842
uh-uh
843
decorated ; adorned ; beautified ; embellished
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
844
visit
845
?
846
damned ; bastard ; dirty
847
Eh!
848
Well! ; um
849
yeah ; right ; yes ; aye ; uhuh
850
agree with
851
important ; significant ; top ; leading
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
852
sluggish ; indolent ; slouchy ; slow ; soft ; light
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
853
slowly ; gently ; leisurely ; unhurriedly ; tardily
854
_euk = ¯euk = ¯euk ¯euk [อึก = อึ๊ก = อึ๊ก อึ๊ก]
sound of a gulp ; gurgling sound ; swallowing sound
855
A.U.A. (American University Alumni)
856
_ēk = -ē_ka = _ēk_ka [เอก = เอ-กะ = เอก-กะ]
first ; number one ; principal ; top ; leading ; primary ; major ; high ; great ; special ; particular ; single ; solitary : mono- (pref.)
857
_eūay_eūay [เอื่อย เอื่อย]
slowly ; gently ; leisurely ; unhurriedly ; tardily
858
be noisy ; be boisterous
859
noisy ; boisterous ; tumultuous
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
860
?
861
ace
862
share ; part ; interest
863
have a part ; have a stake ; be involved
864
ouch
865
flirt ; play footsie (with) ; flatter
866
two
867
ugh
868
[Chinese sweetmeat]
869
?
870
flirt ; play footsie (with) ; flatter
871
tongue-in-cheek
872
brag ; boast ; talk big ; exaggerate ; be fond of showing off
873
small boat ; light boat
874
Oh! ; Yes! ; Well! ; Right! ; Ah!
875
o ; [particle used to end a piece of verse] ;
876
Oh!
877
cretinism ; Down syndrome (DS) ; Down's syndrome
878
babble ; mutter
879
indistinct
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
880
prattlingly
881
lay bait ; scatter bait ; lure with bait ; drop bait ; ensnare softly
882
induce ; persuade
883
gentle
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
884
softly
885
put out bait ; lay bait ; lay a trap
Word class: Verb (v. exp.)
886
lure ; entice ; offer enducements ; lead someone on
Word class: Verb (v. exp.)
887
pamper ; mollycoddle ; baby ; console ; soothe
888
Oh!
889
rancid
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
890
hymn
891
dawdle ; take one's time ; tarry
892
slow
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
893
grant
894
/phiu = _phi^wā [ผิว = ผิ-ว่า]
if ; provided that ; in case that
895
x
896
PHAKN
897
give ; yield ; grant ; tender ; bestow ; consent ; accomodate oneself
898
pot (with handles)
899
?
900
rice wine ; fermented rice liquor
901
I ; me
902
bean curry ; fish and bean curry
903
negotiate a tricky situation ; play for time ; dawdle ; drag one's feet
904
loudly ; aloud ; vociferously
905
[a kind of chicken]
906
coconut shell fiddle
907
[sound of wind blowing]
908
?
909
indistinctly
910
?
911
Calanthe triplicata
Context: Plants (botany) Flowers Species (THA)
912
if ; even if
913
provoke ; be provocative
914
oblique ; slanting ; leaning on one side
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
915
grow ; multiply
916
pull ; tug ; tug back and forth
917
mock ; jeer ; laugh at ; sneer ; ridicule
918 919 920
be crushed ; be battered ; be bashed in ; be crumpled ; be dented
921
tease ; taunt ; tantalize ; harass ; kid ; make fun of ; rag
922
incite ; provoke ; arouse ; instigate ; urge ; stir up ; encourage ; spur ; stimulate ; foment
923
soft ; tender ; friable ; crumbling
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
924
bulging ; chubby
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
925
create dissension ; cause friction
926
wrinkled
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
927
plenty ; lots (of) ; scores (of) ; tons (of) ; abundantly ; plentifully ; numerously ; amply
928
vagina ; pussy (vulg.)
929
ecstacy
Word class: Noun (n. exp.)
930
house ; home
931
Yaa
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.) Type of:
932
second son
933
Malayan Chinese female ; Chinese female immigrant
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.)
934
low ; weak ; moderate
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
935
exploit
936
darling ; sweetheart ; sister ; my dear ; Baby ; Babe ; Honey
937
yes ; okay
938
crooked ; askew ; warped ; out of shape
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
939
right path ; right method ; the Noble Path ; truth ; Nibbāna
940
right path ; right method ; the Noble Path ; truth ; Nibbāna
941
jeer at ; mock ; ridicule ; laugh at
942
provocative
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
943
?
944 945 946
praise
947
big
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
948
?
949
?
950
be crumpled
951
long ; lasting
952
last long
953
?
954
barn
955
do
956
resplendent
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
957
?
958
be furious
959
provocative
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
960
swarming
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
961
swarming
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
962
[euphonious prefix]
963
divide
964
Damn! ; Dam! ; yucky
965
provocative ; instigating
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
966
hang down ; droop
967
pendulous
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
968
waddle
969
provocative ; annoying
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
970
crybaby
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
971
undecisive ; uncertain ; wishy-washy
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
972
unsteady ; shaky ; loose ; aslant
Word class: Adjective (adj.)
973
bias ; skew ; make askew
974
compound ; substance
975
preserve
976
droop ; hang down loosely ; suspend
977
two ; second
978
tease ; mock ; provoke ; goad ; annoy ; pull someone's leg
979
poke ; jab ; nudge ; prod ; shove ; thrust
980
tease ; pull someone's leg ; taunt ; banter ; joke ; kid ; jest ; rib
981
Yao ; Mien
Word class: Proper noun (n. prop.)
982
grab ; seize ; snatch away
983
enduring ; lasting ; endless ; protracted
